Which of the following elements is part of the ECOA protections?

The correct answer identifies "Sex" as an element that is part of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) protections. The ECOA is designed to prevent discrimination in credit transactions based on specific factors. It prohibits lenders from discriminating against applicants based on characteristics such as race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, or because an applicant is receiving public assistance.

Sex is included in ECOA regulations, recognizing that discrimination based on gender in lending practices can adversely affect individuals seeking credit. This protection aims to ensure that all applicants have an equal opportunity to obtain credit, regardless of their gender.

The other options do not fall under the ECOA's explicit protections against discrimination. While employment type and income level may influence a lender’s decision-making process, they do not constitute protected classes in the context of the ECOA. Similarly, an investment portfolio is not a factor for which discrimination is prohibited under ECOA, as it pertains more to an individual's financial situation rather than their identity or status. Thus, sex is the only characteristic listed that is specifically protected under the ECOA.